(Un)dead Images. Spectrality and Corporeality of Animals in Film

Michał Matuszewski

m.matuszewski@int.pl
Ujazdowski Castle Centre for Contemporary Art (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-7559

Abstract

The author analyses the film medium as an effective tool in animal studies, focusing on the issues of death and ability to re-animate dead bodies. Based on the analysis of several films (Un animal, des animaux, dir. Nicolas Philibert, 1996; Sirius Remembered, dir. Stan Brakhage, 1959; Kala Azar, dir. Janis Rafa, 2020), the author shows how reflection on animal bodies and animal death brings out a paradoxical feature of cinema – its simultaneous corporeality and spectrality. Referring to the historical connections between cinema and natural history museums, the author proposes the category of a “taxidermic cinema”. This allows him to point to the role of cinema in recognizing human “vulnerability”, shared in the face of death with other animals.


Keywords:

animal body, mourning, dead body, film animal studies, spectrality

Aloi, G. (2014). Śmierć zwierzęcia w sztukach wizualnych (tłum. M. Motyczka). W: M. Kotyczka (red.), Śmierć zwierzęcia. Współczesne zootanatologie (ss. 103-116). Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego.
  Google Scholar

Alvey, M. (2007). The Cinema as Taxidermy: Carl Akeley and the Preservative Obsession. Framework: The Journal of Cinema and Media, 48 (1), ss. 23-45. https://doi.org/10.1353/frm.2007.0000
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/frm.2007.0000   Google Scholar

Bakke, M. (2007). Między nami zwierzętami. O emocjonalnych związkach między ludźmi i innymi zwierzętami. Teksty Drugie, (1-2), ss. 222-234.
  Google Scholar

Barcz, A. (2014). Wprowadzenie do zookrytyki (teorii zwierzęcych narracji). W: A. Barcz, M. Dąbrowska (red.), Zwierzęta, gender i kultura. Perspektywa ekologiczna, etyczna i krytyczna (ss. 15-35). Lublin: E-naukowiec.
  Google Scholar

Bazin, A. (1963). Ontologia obrazu fotograficznego (tłum. B. Michałek). W: A. Bazin, Film i rzeczywistość (ss. 9-17). Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Artystyczne i Filmowe.
  Google Scholar

Berger, J. (1999). Po cóż patrzeć na zwierzęta? (tłum. S. Sikora). W: J. Berger, O patrzeniu (ss. 5-39). Warszawa: Fundacja Aletheia.
  Google Scholar

Burt, J. (2005). John Berger’s „Why Look at Animals?”: A Close Reading. Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology, 9 (2), ss. 203-218. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568535054615321
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/1568535054615321   Google Scholar

Cembrzyńska, P. (2016). O kreaturach. Lekcja entomologii. Teksty Drugie, (4), ss. 375-393. https://doi.org/10.18318/td.2016.4.24
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18318/td.2016.4.24   Google Scholar

DeMello, M. (red.) (2016). Mourning Animals: Rituals and Practices Surrounding Animal Death. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press.
  Google Scholar

Desmond, J. C. (2016). Displaying Death and Animating Life: Human-Animal Relations in Art. Chicago – London: University of Chicago Press.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226375519.001.0001   Google Scholar

Ioannides, G. (2013). Re-membering Sirius: Animal Death, Rites of Mourning, and the (Material) Cinema of Spectrality. W: J. Johnston, F. Probyn-Rapsey (red.), Animal Death (ss. 103-118). Sydney: Sydney University Press.
  Google Scholar

Kisiel, E. (2016). Another Death. W: M. DeMello (red.), Mourning Animals: Rituals and Practices Surrounding Animal Death (ss. 131-134). East Lansing: Michigan State University Press.
  Google Scholar

Lippit, A. M. (2000). Electric Animal: Toward a Rhetoric of Wildlife. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  Google Scholar

Lippit, A. M. (2002). The Death of the Animal. Film Quarterly, 56 (1), ss. 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1525/fq.2002.56.1.9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/fq.2002.56.1.9   Google Scholar

Matuszewski, M. (2020). Kino (meta)zoologiczne. Ekrany, (2), ss. 38-41.
  Google Scholar

Matuszewski, M. (2020). Śpieszmy się kochać psa. Kino jako opłakiwanie. W: M. Swacha (red.), Reborn Dogs. Nowe interpretacje sztuki wobec nie-ludzkiego (ss. 15-24). Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Publish Art.
  Google Scholar

McMahon, L. (2016). Dead Funny: Laughter, Life and Death in Philibert’s „Nénette” and „Un animal, des animaux”. W: M. Lawrence, K. Lury (red.), The Zoo and Screen Media: Images of Exhibition and Encounter (ss. 247-268). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  Google Scholar

Nessel, S. (2002). The Media Animal: On the Mise-en-scène of Animals in the Zoo and Cinema. W: S. Nessel (red.), Animals and the Cinema: Classifications, Cinephilias, Philosophies (ss. 38-44). Berlin: Bertz and Fischer.
  Google Scholar

Pick, A. (2011). Creaturely Poetics: Animality and Vulnerability in Literature and Film. New York: Columbia University Press.
  Google Scholar

Pick, A. (2015, 12 czerwca). Why Not Look at Animals?. Necsus. https://necsus-ejms.org/why-not-look-at-animals/
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5117/NECSUS2015.1.PICK   Google Scholar

Stańczyk, M. (2019). Bestiariusz. Historie przemocy. Ekrany, (2), ss. 18-23.
  Google Scholar

Tobing Rony, F. (1996). The Third Eye: Race, Cinema, and Ethnographic Spectacle. Durham: Duke University Press.
  Google Scholar

Ullrich, J. (2017). A Dog’s Death: Art as a Work of Mourning. W: D. Ohrem, R. Bartosch (red.), Beyond the Human-Animal Divide: Creaturely Lives in Literature and Culture (ss. 113-139). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  Google Scholar


Published
2020-11-13

Cited by

Matuszewski, M. (2020) “(Un)dead Images. Spectrality and Corporeality of Animals in Film”, Kwartalnik Filmowy, (111), pp. 71–86. doi: 10.36744/kf.385.

Authors

Michał Matuszewski 
m.matuszewski@int.pl
Ujazdowski Castle Centre for Contemporary Art Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-7559

Film curator, researcher and author working at Ujazdowski Castle Centre for Contemporary Art in Warsaw, where he is in charge of the film programme and runs an art-house cinema with various programmes – from experimental films to midnight movies. He curated a number of film events and retrospectives (Posthuman Cinema. How Experimental Films Teach /and Learn/ How to Show Animals, Cinema of the Anthropocene, Party’s Over). He was a member of international festivals juries (Venice, Berlin, Cannes, Oberhausen) and published several articles on VR and animals in film. His most recent projects relate to VR and cinema, and the non-human perspective in film. He is the grantee of Culture and Animals Foundation and works on a visual research-based film project on animal gaze in film.



Statistics

Abstract views: 593
PDF downloads: 421


License

Copyright (c) 2020 Michał Matuszewski

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The author grants the publisher a royalty-free non-exclusive licence (CC BY 4.0) to use the article in Kwartalnik Filmowy, retains full copyright, and agrees to identify the work as first having been published in Kwartalnik Filmowy should it be published or used again (download licence agreement). The journal is published under the CC BY 4.0 licence. By submitting an article, the author agrees to make it available under this licence.

In issues from 105-106 (2019) to 119 (2022) all articles were published under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence. During this period the authors granted a royalty-free non-exclusive licence (CC BY-ND 4.0) to use their article in „Kwartalnik Filmowy”, retained full copyright, and agreed to identify the work as first having been published in our journal should it be published or used again.